Washer-cutter.



N. DE LONG.

WASHER CUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 15. 1912. RENEWED AUG. 16,1918.

1,299,688 Patented Apr. 8,1919.

9 -11'1113 ET k )%Z%We5se5: MM 11E EM 4 W JWWAfiEM NELSON DE LONG, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WASHER-CUTTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

Application filed April 1912, Serial No. 690,992. Renewed August 16, 1918. Serial No. 250,241.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NnLsoN citizen of the United States of America, and a residentof'Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certam new and useful Improvements in Washer-Cutters, of which'the following is a specification.

My invention relates to. washer cutters, and has for its object improvements in devices for cutting largewashers, particularly from'hard and resisting materials.

. In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view; v

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation at a slightly larger scale than Fig. 1; r

Fig. 3 is a modification ofthe feedmg device particularly applicable when the washers tobe out are not of an unusually hard material; and I Fig. l is an enlarged section showlng the construction and manner of holding the cutters. r

In the said drawings A is a base on which is secured a board B. Also secured to the base A is a standard C having a boss C located above the center of the board B. The boss C is bored andinternally threaded to receive an externally'threaded bushing D on which is secured a hand wheel D Running through the bushingD is a spindle E havin a bar-holding hea'd E on its lower end. K handle F secured to the upper end of the spindle serves to turn it in the bushing D. v

Secured in the head E by a bolt E is a bar G, the length of which is equal to or slightly more than the diameter of the largest Washer to be cut on the machine. bar G is parallel with the upper faceof the board or table B, and on this bar are mounted the tool carrying heads H. These tool carrying heads are adjustable longitudinally on the bar G and are secured in any desired positions by means of the thumb screws'H On the lower part of each head H is a projection H andin each projection is a stud or bearing pin J. These studs orpins have their axes at an angle to the face of the table B, and mounted to loosely rotate on the pins are rollers K. These rollers are dished, as shown in Fig. 4, and are the cutters used in cutting washers from the material W, which material is placed loosely upon the table B. Apin E (Fig. 1) is sometimes used to prick a, central hole in the material and thus hold 7 the material from slipping on the table dur- DE LONG, a

The

ing the cutting process. Normally there is sufficient friction between the material and the table B to prevent such slipping, hence this pin is only used when the material being cut is of a kind liable toslip, or theconditions of cutting are liable to cause slip-f ping. Y

given range of sizes of circles to be out, the angle of the pin J and the diameter of the 1 cutter K are related to each other so that the point (Fig. on the extended axis of the pln J 1s the apex, and the face of the cutter K is the base, of a cone which has its apex under the center of the axis of the spindle E. When so constructed, and the spindle E is turned by the handle F, the cutter will roll as a cone on the material W Without any tendency to cause the material to slip. When the head H is moved longitudinally on the bar G so that the apex of the imaginary cone does not coincide with the extended axis of the spindle E, thercis a tendency to displace the material on'the table B, but this tendency is not sufiicient to overcome the friction between the material W and the table B unless the cutter is moved beyond the range of sizes which it is intended to out. By the use of the pin E for holding the material the cutter may be used considerably beyond its normal range. By replacing a cutter of a given diameter on a given pin J by another cutter of a greater or less diameter, a greater or less diameter of circle may be out without displacing the apex of the cone. 4 1

One of the cutters Kis used for cutting the washer from a sheet and consequently travels in a circlewhose diameter is the di-' ameter of the desired washer. The other cutter K is used for cutting the hole in the washer and consequently travels in a smaller circle whosediameter is the diameter of the desired hole If both cutters are of the same diameter, and it is usually preferable to make them so, then the cutter which cuts the hole in the washer is placed on'a pin which has a greater angle to the table B I is balanced to a greater or less extent. Also,

that the heads H are freely movable on the bar G, and may be readily removed therefrom when desired. By applying several heads H with each machine, each head having its pin J at a different angle and each marked with the.range of sizes for which it isintended it shall be used, I can cut all sizes of washers with the same size of cutters and can out any size of hole in any size of washer. To cut blind washers I may use one cutter alone, but it is preferable to use two heads of the same range, one head on each end of the ba'r'to equalize the upward pressur'eon the spindle E. In cutting a lar washer with a small hole I may use one cutter for the outside and another for the inside, but it is preferable to use two cutters for the outside, one on each end of the bar G, and a third cutter for the hole.

By this last means the upward pressure is equalized.

In operating the machine the material is laid on the table and the heads H are set for cutting the outside and the inside of the washer. To facilitate this setting the bar G may b'e'graduated in a manner which will be understood without detailed description. The wheel D is then turned so as to lower the cutters until they are pressed slightly into the material. By then turning the handle F the cutters K are made to travel in circles, rolling on and cutting into the material as they travel. By turning the wheel D to feed the cutters downward as the handle F is turned, the cutters cut deeper and deeper into the material until the washer is finally completed. In machines for cutting comparatively soft material, thefeed screw may be placed directly on the spindle E, asshown in Fig. 3, and the same handle or hand wheel may be used forboth feeding and cutting.

The construction of the cutter is shown in detail in Fig. 4. By inspection it will be seen that the cutting edge is a V with equal angles on each side of a line perpendicular to the face of the material to be cut. As so made the forcing of the cutter into the material does not produce any lateral thrust on either the cutter or the material. After the cutter has traveled in one complete circle and produced a groove or channel in the material to be cut, it will, in its subsequent travels, tend tofollow in that groove even .when the apexof the imaginary cone does not coincide with the axis of the spindle E.

surface, as the side of a grindstone or an emery wheel.

I have hereinbefore described'the cutters as being fed downward and subsequently raised by turning thehand wheel D which is secured to the bushing '13. J As a matter of fact, in the construction shown and described, the hand wheel D is unnecessary in ordinary work as the bushing moves downwardand upward bysuperio'r friction" with the spindle E, the: head E and the hub of the handle F when the direction of turn ing the handle F incutting and elevating is in the direction which would cause a downward and upward movement of the bushing if it were secured tot he handle. When the cutters engage the material to be cut with a force sufli'cieiit to cause a strong upward thrust which is conveyed through the head E to the bushing D, then the wedging action between the threads of the bushing and the threads of the bossC cause the friction of'thescrew to be superior to the friction between the bushing. and the other parts, with the result that the feed automatically ceases until this thrust is relieved by the cutters cutting into the material. When the upward thrust is thus relieved, then the feed downward automatically begins again. This automatic feed is controlled to a greater or less extent by the operator pressing down on the handle as he turns it in the cutting operation.

What I claim is: .1. The combination with two rolling outters', and means for causing them to travel about acommon center in circles of' different diameters and in contact with mate rial to :be out, of pivotal supports for said cutters so arranged that the cutters form bases'of cones whose apexes are at or near the common center.

2. The combinationwith two rolling cutters located on opposite sides of a common tween the handle and a shoulder on the threads of the bushing and the threads of 10 spindle, and a stationary nut in which the the nut.

bushing is turned to feed the cutters toward Signed at Chicago, 111., this 13th day of naterial to be cut, saitli1 handlef hgvigigha April, 1912.

rictional contact with t e end 0 t e us ing which frictional contacts serves to turn NELSON DE LONG the bushing and feed the cutters when the Witnesses:

upward thrust of the cutters is reduced to WALTER H. REDFIELD,

reduce the frictional thrust between the O. L. REDFIELD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

